Basic Guide to Gearbox.

 

What is a Gearbox?

A gearbox is a mechanical device that is used to increase the output torque of the motor or change its speed (RPM). The motor shaft is attached to one end of the gearbox and provides a given output torque and speed determined by the gear ratio through the internal gear configuration of the gearbox.

Physical properties

The physical components of gearboxes differ for different types of gearboxes and for different manufacturers. Most gearboxes are made of steel materials such as iron, aluminum, and brass. Unlike other types of gearboxes, spur gearboxes can also be made of plastic like polycarbonate or nylon. In addition to the raw materials used, the orientation of the gear teeth plays an important role in the overall efficiency, torque, and speed of the system. Spur gear gearboxes are generally used for low speed applications. These gearboxes can be noisy and overall efficiency can be low. Helical gearboxes are generally used for high speed applications. This gearbox has less noise in operation than a spur gearbox, which can improve overall efficiency.

Gearbox type

Many types of gearboxes are manufactured throughout the world. One of the main differences between individual gearboxes is their performance characteristics. The choice of different types of gearbox depends on the application. Gearboxes are available in a variety of sizes, ratios, efficiency, and clearance characteristics. All of these design factors affect the performance and cost of the gearbox. There are several types of gearboxes listed below.

Bevel gearbox

Bevel gear

There are two types of bevel gear units with spur or helical gear gears. Spur bevel gears have both straight and bevel teeth and are used in applications where slow speed is required. Spiral bevel gears have bent teeth and bevel teeth and are used in applications that require high performance and high speed applications.

Physical properties

Bevel gears are usually made of cast iron, aluminum alloy, or other steel material, but they vary from manufacturer to manufacturer.

Note: Gears made of steel material are prone to noise and wear when they come into contact with other gears.

Bevel Gear Application

Bevel gearboxes use bevel gears and are mainly used for right angle applications with vertically arranged shafts.

•        Printer

•        power plant

•        car

•        Steel plant

•        Hand drill

•        Differential drive

Advantages of the bevel gear

•        Right angle configuration

•        durability

Disadvantages of the bevel gear

•        The shaft must be able to withstand the force.

•        Improperly cut teeth can cause excessive vibration and noise during operation.

Helical gearbox

Helical gear

The worm gear is cut at an angle that allows gradual contact between each tooth of the worm gear. This type of innovation provides smooth and quiet operation. Gearboxes using helical gears can be applied in high power and efficient applications.

Physical properties

Helical gears are generally constructed of cast iron, acceptable aluminum, or iron material, but this can vary by manufacturer.

Note: Gears made of steel material are prone to noise and wear when they come into contact with other gears.

Helical Gear Application

Helical gears are widely used in applications where efficiency and high power are required.

•        Oil industry

•        Blower

•        Food and labeling

•        Cutter

•        elevator

Helical Gear Advantages

•        Can mesh in parallel or intersecting directions

•        Smooth and quiet operation

•        efficient

•        Great power

Disadvantages of worm gear

•        The resulting thrust along the gear axis

•        Lubricant additive

Spur gearbox

Spur gear

Spur gears are equipped with straight teeth on parallel shafts. The noise level of spur gears is relatively high due to tooth collisions in gears where spur gear teeth are prone to wear. Spur gears are available in a variety of sizes and gear ratios to meet applications that require a specific output speed or torque.

Physical properties

Spur gears are usually made from a metal such as steel or brass and a plastic such as nylon or polycarbonate. The material used to make spur gears may differ depending on the manufacturer.

Note: Gears made of steel material are prone to noise and wear when they come into contact with other gears.

Spur Gear Application

Spur gears are used in applications where speed reduction is required with high output torque.

•        Cutting length

•        Packaging

•        Speed ​​control

•        Building

•        power plant

Advantages of spur gears

•        Economic

•        High gear ratio

•        Compact

•        High torque output

Disadvantages of spur gears

•        noisy

•        Easy to use

Worm gearbox

Worm Gear

Worm gears can withstand high impact loads, have a low noise level, and require no maintenance, but are less efficient than other types of gears. Worm gears can be used in a right angle configuration. The helical gearbox configuration allows the worm to easily turn the gear. However, the gear cannot turn the worm. The worm-moving gear protection can be used as a braking system. If the worm gear is not engaged, it remains in the locked position.

Physical properties

Worm gears are typically made of aluminum, stainless steel, and cast iron. The material used depends on the manufacturer.

Worm application

Worm gears are used for applications requiring high speeds and loads, and can be configured for right angle applications.

•        Mining

•        Rolling workshop

•        Press

•        Elevator / escalator drive system

Worm Gear Advantages

•        High accuracy

•        Right angle configuration

•        Break system

•        Little noise

•        Does not require maintenance

Disadvantages of worm gear

•        limit

•        irreversible

•        Low efficiency